NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION 100 MCQS FOR NEET PRACTICE | NEET EXAMINATION.
NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION
Here are 100 multiple-choice questions on neural control and coordination along with their answers and explanations:
1. Which of the following is the functional unit of the nervous system?
A) Neuron
B) Hormone
C) Axon
D) Synapse
*Answer: A) Neuron*
Explanation: Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system responsible for transmitting information.
2. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Cell body
D) Myelin sheath
*Answer: A) Dendrite*
Explanation: Dendrites are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and conduct them toward the cell body.
3. The gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released is called:
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Synapse
D) Node of Ranvier
*Answer: C) Synapse*
Explanation: Synapse is the junction between two neurons where communication occurs through the release and reception of neurotransmitters.
4. The main neurotransmitter responsible for inhibitory signals in the brain is:
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)*
Explanation: GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.
5. The region of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance is the:
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: B) Cerebellum*
Explanation: The cerebellum plays a crucial role in motor control, coordination, and balance.
6. Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating basic physiological functions such as breathing and heart rate?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Thalamus
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: B) Medulla oblongata*
Explanation: The medulla oblongata controls involuntary functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
7. The hormone produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress, which prepares the body for fight or flight response, is:
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
D) Thyroxine
*Answer: C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)*
Explanation: Adrenaline is released in response to stress and prepares the body for a fight-or-flight response by increasing heart rate, dilating air passages, etc.
8. Which division of the nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Sympathetic nervous system
*Answer: C) Somatic nervous system*
Explanation: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and reflex arcs involving skeletal muscles.
9. Damage to which cranial nerve can result in loss of sense of smell?
A) Optic nerve (II)
B) Facial nerve (VII)
C) Olfactory nerve (I)
D) Trigeminal nerve (V)
*Answer: C) Olfactory nerve (I)*
Explanation: The olfactory nerve is responsible for the sense of smell.
10. Parkinson’s disease is associated with the degeneration of neurons that produce which neurotransmitter?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: A) Dopamine*
Explanation: Parkinson’s disease involves a decrease in dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.
11. Which part of the brain is responsible for the integration of sensory information and higher mental functions?
A) Cerebellum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Cerebrum
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: C) Cerebrum*
Explanation: The cerebrum is responsible for higher mental functions such as thinking, perception, and decision-making.
12. The fluid-filled cavities within the brain that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid are called:
A) Sulci
B) Gyri
C) Ventricles
D) Cortex
*Answer: C) Ventricles*
Explanation: Ventricles are the interconnected cavities within the brain that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid.
13. Which neurotransmitter is associated with mood regulation, sleep, and appetite?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: B) Serotonin*
Explanation: Serotonin is involved in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite.
14. The involuntary reflex of withdrawing a hand upon touching a hot object is controlled by:
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Parasympathetic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
*Answer: D) Somatic nervous system*
Explanation: The withdrawal reflex is controlled by the somatic nervous system, which governs voluntary movements.
15. Which part of the brain acts as a relay center for sensory information?
A) Thalamus
B) Hypothalamus
C) Amygdala
D) Hippocampus
*Answer: A) Thalamus*
Explanation: The thalamus relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
16. The condition characterized by a sudden disruption in brain function due to disturbance in blood supply to the brain is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Stroke
D) Alzheimer’s disease
*Answer: C) Stroke*
Explanation: A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is interrupted, leading to sudden neurological symptoms.
17. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?
A) Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Autonomic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
*Answer: B) Sympathetic nervous system*
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system activates the fight-or-flight response during times of stress or danger.
18. Damage to the hippocampus is associated with deficits in:
A) Memory
B) Motor coordination
C) Language comprehension
D) Visual perception
*Answer: A) Memory*
Explanation: The hippocampus is crucial for memory formation and retrieval.
19. Which gland is often referred to as the “master gland” because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
*Answer: D) Pituitary gland*
Explanation: The pituitary gland regulates the functions of other endocrine glands and is often referred to as the master gland.
20. The part of the neuron that carries signals away from the cell body is the:
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
*Answer: B) Axon*
Explanation: The axon transmits signals away from the cell body to other neurons or effector cells.
21. Which neurotransmitter is associated with the reward pathway in the brain and is often involved in addiction?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: A) Dopamine*
Explanation: Dopamine is associated with the brain’s reward system and plays a role in addiction.
22. Damage to the optic nerve can result in:
A) Loss of hearing
B) Loss of taste
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of smell
*Answer: C) Loss of vision*
Explanation: The optic nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain, so damage to it can lead to vision loss.
23. The region of the brain responsible for regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst is the:
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: D) Hypothalamus*
Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates various physiological processes including body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
24. Which division of the nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heartbeat and digestion?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Sympathetic nervous system
*Answer: A) Autonomic nervous system*
Explanation: The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions of internal organs.
25. Damage to the auditory nerve can result in:
A) Loss of vision
B) Loss of hearing
C) Loss of taste
D) Loss of smell
*Answer: B) Loss of hearing*
Explanation: The auditory nerve transmits auditory information from the ear to the brain, so damage to it can lead to hearing loss.
26. Which neurotransmitter is associated with muscle movement and memory?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Acetylcholine
D) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
*Answer: C) Acetylcholine*
Explanation: Acetylcholine plays a role in muscle movement and is also involved in memory and learning processes.
27. The part of the brainstem that controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate is the:
A) Midbrain
B) Pons
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Cerebellum
*Answer: C) Medulla oblongata*
Explanation: The medulla oblongata controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
28. Which part of the brain is responsible for emotional responses such as fear and aggression?
A) Amygdala
B) Thalamus
C) Hypothalamus
D) Hippocampus
*Answer: A) Amygdala*
Explanation: The amygdala is involved in processing emotions such as fear and aggression.
29. The condition characterized by recurring seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Parkinson’s disease
D) Alzheimer’s disease
*Answer: A) Epilepsy*
Explanation: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
30. The part of the brain responsible for spatial navigation and long-term memory is the:
A) Thalamus
B) Hippocampus
C) Amygdala
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: B) Hippocampus*
Explanation: The hippocampus plays a crucial role in spatial navigation and the formation of long-term memories.
31. Which neurotransmitter is associated with sleep regulation and mood?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: B) Serotonin*
Explanation: Serotonin is involved in regulating sleep and mood.
32. The part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis by regulating hunger, thirst, and body temperature is the:
A) Amygdala
B) Thalamus
C) Cerebrum
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: D) Hypothalamus*
Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates various physiological processes to maintain homeostasis.
33. Damage to which cranial nerve can result in difficulty in chewing and facial expressions?
A) Facial nerve (VII)
B) Olfactory nerve (I)
C) Optic nerve (II)
D) Trigeminal nerve (V)
*Answer: D) Trigeminal nerve (V)*
Explanation: The trigeminal nerve controls facial sensations and motor functions such as chewing.
34. Which gland is responsible for regulating metabolism and energy levels in the body?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
*Answer: A) Thyroid gland*
Explanation: The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism and energy levels.
35. The protective covering of the axon that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses is called:
A) Dendrite
B) Myelin sheath
C) Synapse
D) Cell body
*Answer: B) Myelin sheath*
Explanation: The myelin sheath is a fatty covering that insulates and speeds up nerve impulses along the axon.
36. Which neurotransmitter is associated with motor control and reward mechanisms in the brain?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: A) Dopamine*
Explanation: Dopamine is involved in motor control and the brain’s reward system.
37. Damage to Broca’s area in the brain can result in:
A) Difficulty in understanding language
B) Difficulty in producing language
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of hearing
*Answer: B) Difficulty in producing language*
Explanation: Broca’s area is responsible for speech production, so damage to it can result in difficulty in speaking.
38. Which part of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?
A) Occipital lobe
B) Temporal lobe
C) Parietal lobe
D) Frontal lobe
*Answer: A) Occipital lobe*
Explanation: The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information.
39. The condition characterized by severe headaches, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Stroke
D) Parkinson’s disease
*Answer: B) Migraine*
Explanation: Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by severe headaches and other symptoms.
40. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for the “rest and digest” response?
A) Sympathetic nervous system
B) Somatic nervous system
C) Autonomic nervous system
D) Parasympathetic nervous system
*Answer: D) Parasympathetic nervous system*
Explanation: The parasympathetic nervous system promotes the “rest and digest” response, conserving energy and promoting digestion.
41. Damage to Wernicke’s area in the brain can result in:
A) Difficulty in understanding language
B) Difficulty in producing language
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of hearing
*Answer: A) Difficulty in understanding language*
Explanation: Wernicke’s area is involved in language comprehension, so damage to it can result in difficulty in understanding language.
42. Which neurotransmitter is associated with attention, arousal, and memory?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Norepinephrine
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: C) Norepinephrine*
Explanation: Norepinephrine plays a role in attention, arousal, and memory.
43. The part of the brain responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms is the:
A) Amygdala
B) Hippocampus
C) Hypothalamus
D) Pineal gland
*Answer: D) Pineal gland*
Explanation: The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms.
44. Damage to the cerebellum can result in:
A) Impaired motor coordination
B) Impaired memory
C) Impaired vision
D) Impaired language comprehension
*Answer: A) Impaired motor coordination*
Explanation: The cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination, so damage to it can result in impaired coordination.
45. The part of the brain responsible for processing auditory information is the:
A) Occipital lobe
B) Temporal lobe
C) Parietal lobe
D) Frontal lobe
*Answer: B) Temporal lobe*
Explanation: The temporal lobe is primarily responsible for processing auditory information.
46. Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling eye movements and pupil constriction?
A) Oculomotor nerve (III)
B) Trochlear nerve (IV)
C) Abducens nerve (VI)
D) Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
*Answer: A) Oculomotor nerve (III)*
Explanation: The oculomotor nerve controls most eye movements and pupil constriction.
47. The hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles is:
A) Melatonin
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
D) Thyroxine
*Answer: A) Melatonin*
Explanation: Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and regulates sleep-wake cycles.
48. Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and most of the cell’s organelles?
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
*Answer: C) Cell body*
Explanation: The cell body (soma) contains the nucleus and most of the cell’s organelles.
49. Damage to the hippocampus is associated with deficits in:
A) Short-term memory
B) Long-term memory
C) Motor coordination
D) Language comprehension
*Answer: B) Long-term memory*
Explanation: The hippocampus is crucial for the formation of long-term memories.
50. The part of the brain responsible for regulating balance and posture is the:
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Thalamus
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: B) Cerebellum*
Explanation: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating balance and posture.
51. Which division of the nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heartbeat and digestion?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Somatic nervous system
C) Peripheral nervous system
D) Sympathetic nervous system
*Answer: A) Autonomic nervous system*
Explanation: The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions of internal organs.
52. The condition characterized by a sudden disruption in brain function due to disturbance in blood supply to the brain is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Stroke
D) Alzheimer’s disease
*Answer: C) Stroke*
Explanation: A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is interrupted, leading to sudden neurological symptoms.
53. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating voluntary muscle movements and maintaining balance?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: B) Cerebellum*
Explanation: The cerebellum plays a crucial role in motor coordination and balance.
54. The hormone produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress, which prepares the body for fight or flight response, is:
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
D) Thyroxine
*Answer: C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)*
Explanation: Adrenaline is released in response to stress and prepares the body for a fight-or-flight response by increasing heart rate, dilating air passages, etc.
55. Which division of the nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Sympathetic nervous system
*Answer: C) Somatic nervous system*
Explanation: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and reflex arcs involving skeletal muscles.
56. Damage to which cranial nerve can result in loss of sense of smell?
A) Optic nerve (II)
B) Facial nerve (VII)
C) Olfactory nerve (I)
D) Trigeminal nerve (V)
*Answer: C) Olfactory nerve (I)*
Explanation: The olfactory nerve is responsible for the sense of smell.
57. Parkinson’s disease is associated with the degeneration of neurons that produce which neurotransmitter?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: A) Dopamine*
Explanation: Parkinson’s disease involves a decrease in dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.
58. Which part of the brain is responsible for the integration of sensory information and higher mental functions?
A) Cerebellum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Cerebrum
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: C) Cerebrum*
Explanation: The cerebrum is responsible for higher mental functions such as thinking, perception, and decision-making.
59. The fluid-filled cavities within the brain that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid are called:
A) Sulci
B) Gyri
C) Ventricles
D) Cortex
*Answer: C) Ventricles*
Explanation: Ventricles are the interconnected cavities within the brain that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid.
60. Which neurotransmitter is associated with mood regulation, sleep, and appetite?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: B) Serotonin*
Explanation: Serotonin is involved in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite.
61. The involuntary reflex of withdrawing a hand upon touching a hot object is controlled by:
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Parasympathetic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
*Answer: D) Somatic nervous system*
Explanation: The withdrawal reflex is controlled by the somatic nervous system, which governs voluntary movements.
62. Which part of the brain acts as a relay center for sensory information?
A) Thalamus
B) Hypothalamus
C) Amygdala
D) Hippocampus
*Answer: A) Thalamus*
Explanation: The thalamus relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
63. The condition characterized by a sudden disruption in brain function due to disturbance in blood supply to the brain is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Stroke
D) Alzheimer’s disease
*Answer: C) Stroke*
Explanation: A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is interrupted, leading to sudden neurological symptoms.
64. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?
A) Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Autonomic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
*Answer: B) Sympathetic nervous system*
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system activates the fight-or-flight response during times of stress or danger.
65. Damage to the hippocampus is associated with deficits in:
A) Memory
B) Motor coordination
C) Language comprehension
D) Visual perception
*Answer: A) Memory*
Explanation: The hippocampus is crucial for memory formation and retrieval.
66. Which gland is often referred to as the “master gland” because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
*Answer: D) Pituitary gland*
Explanation: The pituitary gland regulates the functions of other endocrine glands and is often referred to as the master gland.
67. The part of the neuron that carries signals away from the cell body is the:
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
*Answer: B) Axon*
Explanation: The axon transmits signals away from the cell body to other neurons or effector cells.
68. Which neurotransmitter is associated with the reward pathway in the brain and is often involved in addiction?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: A) Dopamine*
Explanation: Dopamine is associated with the brain’s reward system and plays a role in addiction.
69. Damage to the optic nerve can result in:
A) Loss of hearing
B) Loss of taste
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of smell
*Answer: C) Loss of vision*
Explanation: The optic nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain, so damage to it can lead to vision loss.
70. The region of the brain responsible for regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst is the:
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: D) Hypothalamus*
Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates various physiological processes including body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
71. Which division of the nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heartbeat and digestion?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Sympathetic nervous system
*Answer: A) Autonomic nervous system*
Explanation: The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions of internal organs.
72. Damage to the auditory nerve can result in:
A) Loss of vision
B) Loss of hearing
C) Loss of taste
D) Loss of smell
*Answer: B) Loss of hearing*
Explanation: The auditory nerve transmits auditory information from the ear to the brain, so damage to it can lead to hearing loss.
73. Which neurotransmitter is associated with muscle movement and memory?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Acetylcholine
D) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
*Answer: C) Acetylcholine*
Explanation: Acetylcholine plays a role in muscle movement and is also involved in memory and learning processes.
74. The part of the brainstem that controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate is the:
A) Midbrain
B) Pons
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Cerebellum
*Answer: C) Medulla oblongata*
Explanation: The medulla oblongata controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
75. Which part of the brain is responsible for emotional responses such as fear and aggression?
A) Amygdala
B) Thalamus
C) Hypothalamus
D) Hippocampus
*Answer: A) Amygdala*
Explanation: The amygdala is involved in processing emotions such as fear and aggression.
76. The condition characterized by recurring seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Parkinson’s disease
D) Alzheimer’s disease
*Answer: A) Epilepsy*
Explanation: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
77. The part of the brain responsible for spatial navigation and long-term memory is the:
A) Thalamus
B) Hippocampus
C) Amygdala
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: B) Hippocampus*
Explanation: The hippocampus plays a crucial role in spatial navigation and the formation of long-term memories.
78. Which neurotransmitter is associated with sleep regulation and mood?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: B) Serotonin*
Explanation: Serotonin is involved in regulating sleep and mood.
79. The part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis by regulating hunger, thirst, and body temperature is the:
A) Amygdala
B) Thalamus
C) Cerebrum
D) Hypothalamus
*Answer: D) Hypothalamus*
Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates various physiological processes to maintain homeostasis.
80. Damage to which cranial nerve can result in difficulty in chewing and facial expressions?
A) Facial nerve (VII)
B) Olfactory nerve (I)
C) Optic nerve (II)
D) Trigeminal nerve (V)
*Answer: D) Trigeminal nerve (V)*
Explanation: The trigeminal nerve controls facial sensations and motor functions such as chewing.
81. Which gland is responsible for regulating metabolism and energy levels in the body?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
*Answer: A) Thyroid gland*
Explanation: The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism and energy levels.
82. The protective covering of the axon that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses is called:
A) Dendrite
B) Myelin sheath
C) Synapse
D) Cell body
*Answer: B) Myelin sheath*
Explanation: The myelin sheath is a fatty covering that insulates and speeds up nerve impulses along the axon.
83. Which neurotransmitter is associated with motor control and reward mechanisms in the brain?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: A) Dopamine*
Explanation: Dopamine is involved in motor control and the brain’s reward system.
84. Damage to Broca’s area in the brain can result in:
A) Difficulty in understanding language
B) Difficulty in producing language
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of hearing
*Answer: B) Difficulty in producing language*
Explanation: Broca’s area is responsible for speech production, so damage to it can result in difficulty in speaking.
85. Which part of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?
A) Occipital lobe
B) Temporal lobe
C) Parietal lobe
D) Frontal lobe
*Answer: A) Occipital lobe*
Explanation: The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information.
86. The condition characterized by severe headaches, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Stroke
D) Parkinson’s disease
*Answer: B) Migraine*
Explanation: Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by severe headaches and other symptoms.
87. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for the “rest and digest” response?
A) Sympathetic nervous system
B) Somatic nervous system
C) Autonomic nervous system
D) Parasympathetic nervous system
*Answer: D) Parasympathetic nervous system*
Explanation: The parasympathetic nervous system promotes the “rest and digest” response, conserving energy and promoting digestion.
88. Damage to Wernicke’s area in the brain can result in:
A) Difficulty in understanding language
B) Difficulty in producing language
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of hearing
*Answer: A) Difficulty in understanding language*
Explanation: Wernicke’s area is involved in language comprehension, so damage to it can result in difficulty in understanding language.
89. Which neurotransmitter is associated with attention, arousal, and memory?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Norepinephrine
D) Acetylcholine
*Answer: C) Norepinephrine*
Explanation: Norepinephrine plays a role in attention, arousal, and memory.
90. The part of the brain responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms is the:
A) Amygdala
B) Hippocampus
C) Hypothalamus
D) Pineal gland
*Answer: D) Pineal gland*
Explanation: The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms.
91. Damage to the cerebellum can result in:
A) Impaired motor coordination
B) Impaired memory
C) Impaired vision
D) Impaired language comprehension
*Answer: A) Impaired motor coordination*
Explanation: The cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination, so damage to it can result in impaired coordination.
92. The part of the brain responsible for processing auditory information is the:
A) Occipital lobe
B) Temporal lobe
C) Parietal lobe
D) Frontal lobe
*Answer: B) Temporal lobe*
Explanation: The temporal lobe is primarily responsible for processing auditory information.
93. Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling eye movements and pupil constriction?
A) Oculomotor nerve (III)
B) Trochlear nerve (IV)
C) Abducens nerve (VI)
D) Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
*Answer: A) Oculomotor nerve (III)*
Explanation: The oculomotor nerve controls most eye movements and pupil constriction.
94. The hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles is:
A) Melatonin
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
D) Thyroxine
*Answer: A) Melatonin*
Explanation: Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and regulates sleep-wake cycles.
95. Which division of the nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heartbeat and digestion?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Somatic nervous system
C) Peripheral nervous system
D) Sympathetic nervous system
*Answer: A) Autonomic nervous system*
Explanation: The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions of internal organs.
96. The condition characterized by a sudden disruption in brain function due to disturbance in blood supply to the brain is called:
A) Epilepsy
B) Migraine
C) Stroke
D) Alzheimer’s disease
*Answer: C) Stroke*
Explanation: A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is interrupted,
leading to sudden neurological symptoms.
97. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?
A) Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Autonomic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
*Answer: B) Sympathetic nervous system*
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system activates the fight-or-flight response during times of stress or danger.
98. Damage to the hippocampus is associated with deficits in:
A) Memory
B) Motor coordination
C) Language comprehension
D) Visual perception
*Answer: A) Memory*
Explanation: The hippocampus is crucial for memory formation and retrieval.
99. Which gland is often referred to as the “master gland” because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
*Answer: D) Pituitary gland*
Explanation: The pituitary gland regulates the functions of other endocrine glands and is often referred to as the master gland.
100. The part of the neuron that carries signals away from the cell body is the:
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
*Answer: B) Axon*
Explanation: The axon transmits signals away from the cell body to other neurons or effector cells.
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