LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT NEET MOCK TEST
MOCK TEST FOR NEET | NEET PRACTICE QUESTION ON LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT OF 11th GRADE.
LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT
Below are 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on locomotion and movement along with their answers and explanations:
1. Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue?
a) Skeletal
b) Smooth
c) Cardiac
d) Adipose
*Answer: d) Adipose*
Explanation: Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue specialized for fat storage and is not involved in movement.
2. The structural and functional unit of muscle contraction is:
a) Sarcomere
b) Myofibril
c) Myofilament
d) Myosin
*Answer: a) Sarcomere*
Explanation: Sarcomere is the basic unit of muscle contraction where actin and myosin filaments interact.
3. Which type of muscle is striated and under voluntary control?
a) Skeletal
b) Cardiac
c) Smooth
d) Involuntary
*Answer: a) Skeletal*
Explanation: Skeletal muscles are striated and are under conscious control.
4. The enzyme responsible for the breakdown of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction is:
a) Acetylcholinesterase
b) Acetyltransferase
c) Acetylase
d) Acetylhydrolase
*Answer: a) Acetylcholinesterase*
Explanation: Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine into choline and acetate, terminating its action.
5. Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?
a) Support
b) Protection
c) Hormone production
d) Mineral storage
*Answer: c) Hormone production*
Explanation: The skeletal system does not produce hormones; instead, it provides structural support, protects vital organs, and stores minerals.
6. The joint found between the skull bones is an example of a:
a) Fibrous joint
b) Cartilaginous joint
c) Synovial joint
d) Suture joint
*Answer: d) Suture joint*
Explanation: Suture joints are found only in the skull and are fibrous joints that are immovable.
7. Which of the following is a hinge joint?
a) Shoulder joint
b) Hip joint
c) Elbow joint
d) Wrist joint
*Answer: c) Elbow joint*
Explanation: Hinge joints allow movement in only one plane, like the bending and straightening movement at the elbow joint.
8. The fluid-filled sacs that help reduce friction between moving structures are called:
a) Tendons
b) Ligaments
c) Bursae
d) Synovial fluid
*Answer: c) Bursae*
Explanation: Bursae are small fluid-filled sacs located at friction points between bones and tendons or muscles.
9. Which of the following is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles?
a) Motor neuron
b) Sensory neuron
c) Interneuron
d) Schwann cell
*Answer: a) Motor neuron*
Explanation: Motor neurons transmit nerve impulses from the central nervous system to muscles or glands.
10. The process of converting chemical energy into mechanical energy within muscle cells is called:
a) Glycolysis
b) Krebs cycle
c) Oxidative phosphorylation
d) Contraction
*Answer: d) Contraction*
Explanation: Contraction is the process by which muscle fibers generate tension and shorten, resulting in movement.
11. Which of the following is the functional unit of a muscle fiber?
a) Sarcomere
b) Myofibril
c) Myofilament
d) Fascicle
*Answer: a) Sarcomere*
Explanation: Sarcomere is the basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber, consisting of actin and myosin filaments.
12. Which structure connects bone to bone?
a) Tendon
b) Ligament
c) Cartilage
d) Bursa
*Answer: b) Ligament*
Explanation: Ligaments are fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones, providing stability to joints.
13. Which of the following is not a function of the vertebral column?
a) Protection of the spinal cord
b) Support of the body
c) Production of red blood cells
d) Attachment for muscles
*Answer: c) Production of red blood cells*
Explanation: The production of red blood cells occurs in the bone marrow, not in the vertebral column.
14. Which muscle type is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and blood vessels?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Smooth muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: c) Smooth muscle*
Explanation: Smooth muscles are non-striated and involuntary muscles found in the walls of hollow organs.
15. The type of joint that allows for the greatest range of motion is:
a) Ball and socket joint
b) Pivot joint
c) Hinge joint
d) Gliding joint
*Answer: a) Ball and socket joint*
Explanation: Ball and socket joints allow movement in multiple directions, offering the greatest range of motion.
16. Which structure stores calcium in muscle cells?
a) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Ribosomes
*Answer: a) Sarcoplasmic reticulum*
Explanation: Sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells that stores calcium ions.
17. Which of the following is not a component of the appendicular skeleton?
a) Pelvic girdle
b) Skull
c) Clavicle
d) Humerus
*Answer: b) Skull*
Explanation: The skull is part of the axial skeleton, which includes the bones of the head, neck, and trunk.
18. What is the role of synovial fluid in joints?
a) Lubrication
b) Nutrient supply
c) Shock absorption
d) All of the above
*Answer: d) All of the above*
Explanation: Synovial fluid lubricates joints, supplies nutrients to cartilage, and acts as a shock absorber.
19. Which of the following is not a component of the axial skeleton?
a) Skull
b) Vertebral column
c) Pelvic girdle
d) Rib cage
*Answer: c) Pelvic girdle*
Explanation: The pelvic girdle is part of the appendicular skeleton, not the axial skeleton.
20. Which of the following is true about slow-twitch muscle fibers?
a) They contract quickly
b) They fatigue quickly
c) They are suited for endurance activities
d) They have low myoglobin content
*Answer: c) They are suited for endurance activities*
Explanation: Slow-twitch muscle fibers are characterized by their ability to sustain contractions over a long period, making them well-suited for endurance activities.
21. What is the primary function of tendons?
a) Transmitting nerve impulses
b) Attaching muscle to bone
c) Attaching bone to bone
d) Reducing friction between moving parts
*Answer: b) Attaching muscle to bone*
Explanation: Tendons are tough, fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contraction to produce movement.
22. Which of the following is not a function of the muscular system?
a) Production of heat
b) Regulation of body temperature
c) Protection of internal organs
d) Production of blood cells
*Answer: d) Production of blood cells*
Explanation: The production of blood cells occurs in the bone marrow, not in the muscular system.
23. The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction is:
a) Dopamine
b) Serotonin
c) Acetylcholine
d) GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
*Answer: c) Acetylcholine*
Explanation: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter responsible for initiating muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction.
24. Which of the following statements about cartilage is true?
a) It contains a rich blood supply
b) It can be rapidly repaired if damaged
c) It provides a smooth surface for joint movement
d) It is innervated by sensory nerves
*Answer: c) It provides a smooth surface for joint movement*
Explanation: Cartilage is a tough, flexible connective tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints, providing a smooth surface for movement.
25. Which muscle is responsible for the extension of the forearm?
a) Biceps brachii
b) Triceps brachii
c) Deltoid
d) Flexor carpi radialis
*Answer: b) Triceps brachii*
Explanation: The triceps brachii muscle is located on the posterior side of the upper arm and is responsible for extending the forearm.
26. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle tissue is true?
a) It is under involuntary control
b) It is composed of branched fibers
c) It is striated
d) It is found in the walls of internal organs
*Answer: c) It is striated*
Explanation: Skeletal muscle tissue is characterized by its striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
27. The gap between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called:
a) Synapse
b) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) Neuromuscular junction
d) Myofibril
*Answer: c) Neuromuscular junction*
Explanation: The neuromuscular junction is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a muscle fiber, allowing for the transmission of nerve impulses.
28. Which of the following structures is not part of the appendicular skeleton?
a) Radius
b) Femur
c) Sternum
d) Tibia
*Answer: c) Sternum*
Explanation: The sternum is part of the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
29. Which muscle type is responsible for involuntary contractions of the heart?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Striated muscle
d) Cardiac muscle
*Answer: d) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, found exclusively in the heart.
30. Which of the following is not a function of the muscular system?
a) Generation of body heat
b) Production of red blood cells
c) Stabilization of joints
d) Maintenance of posture
*Answer: b) Production of red blood cells*
Explanation: The production of red blood cells occurs in the bone marrow, not in the muscular system.
31. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
a) Production of hormones
b) Pumping blood throughout the body
c) Providing support and protection
d) Facilitating digestion
*Answer: c) Providing support and protection*
Explanation: The skeletal system provides structural support for the body and protects vital organs.
32. The joint between the forearm and the upper arm is an example of a:
a) Hinge joint
b) Pivot joint
c) Ball and socket joint
d) Gliding joint
*Answer: b) Pivot joint*
Explanation: The joint between the forearm (radius and ulna) and the upper arm (humerus) is an example of a pivot joint, allowing rotational movement.
33. Which of the following structures is not part of the synovial joint?
a) Articular cartilage
b) Synovial membrane
c) Meniscus
d) Periosteum
*Answer: d) Periosteum*
Explanation: The periosteum is a dense layer of connective tissue covering the outer surface of bones, not part of the synovial joint.
34. The type of muscle responsible for peristalsis in the digestive system is:
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: b) Smooth muscle*
Explanation: Smooth muscles are responsible for involuntary movements, such as peristalsis in the digestive system.
35. Which structure allows bones to move without friction at a joint?
a) Synovial fluid
b) Articular cartilage
c) Ligament
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Articular cartilage*
Explanation: Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones at a joint, providing a smooth surface for movement and reducing friction.
36. Which of the following is not a component of a synovial joint?
a) Articular cartilage
b) Synovial membrane
c) Meniscus
d) Tendon
*Answer: d) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons connect muscles to bones and are not part of the synovial joint structure.
37. The joint found between the carpal bones of the wrist is an example of a:
a) Hinge joint
b) Pivot joint
c) Gliding joint
d) Ball and socket joint
*Answer: c) Gliding joint*
Explanation: Gliding joints allow bones to slide over each other, providing limited movement in multiple directions.
38. Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid in joints?
a) Providing nutrients to cartilage
b) Absorbing shock
c) Reducing friction
d) All of the above
*Answer: d) All of the above*
Explanation: Synovial fluid lubricates joints, provides nutrients to cartilage, and absorbs shock to protect the joint.
39.The ability of a muscle to return to its original shape after contraction is called:
a) Elasticity
b) Extensibility
c) Contractility
d) Excitability
*Answer: a) Elasticity*
Explanation: Elasticity is the ability of a muscle to return to its original shape after being stretched or contracted.
40. Which of the following is responsible for the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
a) Sarcomere
b) Actin
c) Myosin
d) Troponin
*Answer: a) Sarcomere*
Explanation: The sliding filament theory states that muscle contraction occurs as actin filaments slide past myosin filaments within the sarcomere.
41. The region of a sarcomere where only thin filaments are present is called the:
a) A band
b) I band
c) H zone
d) Z line
*Answer: b) I band*
Explanation: The I band contains only thin (actin) filaments and is located between adjacent sarcomeres.
42. The neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction is released from:
a) Motor end plate
b) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) T tubules
d) Myofibrils
*Answer: a) Motor end plate*
Explanation: Acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction, is released from the motor end plate of the neuromuscular junction.
43. Which of the following statements about fast-twitch muscle fibers is true?
a) They are suited for endurance activities
b) They are characterized by a high myoglobin content
c) They contract slowly
d) They fatigue quickly
*Answer: d) They fatigue quickly*
Explanation: Fast-twitch muscle fibers contract rapidly but fatigue quickly, making them well-suited for quick, powerful movements.
44. Which of the following is true about isotonic muscle contractions?
a) Muscle length remains constant
b) Muscle tension exceeds resistance
c) Muscle tension remains constant
d) Muscle tension is less than resistance
*Answer: a) Muscle length remains constant*
Explanation: In isotonic contractions, muscle tension remains constant as the muscle changes length, resulting in movement.
45. Which of the following structures directly stores calcium ions required for muscle contraction?
a) T tubules
b) Sarcomeres
c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
d) Myofibrils
*Answer: c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum*
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized organelle in muscle cells that stores and releases calcium ions required for muscle contraction.
46. The point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the:
a) Origin
b) Insertion
c) Belly
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Insertion*
Explanation: The insertion is the point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone, while the origin is attached to the less movable bone.
47. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue?
a) Striated appearance
b) Involuntary control
c) Multinucleated fibers
d) Intercalated discs
*Answer: c) Multinucleated fibers*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle cells are uninucleated, meaning they contain only one nucleus per cell.
48. Which of the following is a function of the synovial membrane in joints?
a) Producing synovial fluid
b) Providing nutrients to cartilage
c) Absorbing shock
d) Preventing friction
*Answer: a) Producing synovial fluid*
Explanation: The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joint, reducing friction and absorbing shock.
49. Which muscle type is striated and involuntary?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: c) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated like skeletal muscle but is involuntary like smooth muscle, found exclusively in the heart.
50. The functional unit of compact bone tissue is called a:
a) Lamella
b) Haversian system (osteon)
c) Trabecula
d) Lacuna
*Answer: b) Haversian system (osteon)*
Explanation: The Haversian system, also known as the osteon, is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue.
51. Which of the following structures connects muscle to bone?
a) Ligament
b) Tendon
c) Cartilage
d) Synovium
*Answer: b) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contraction to produce movement.
52. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle tissue is true?
a) It is under involuntary control
b) It is composed of branched fibers
c) It is striated
d) It is found in the walls of internal organs
*Answer: c) It is striated*
Explanation: Skeletal muscle tissue is characterized by its striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
53. The gap between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called:
a) Synapse
b) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) Neuromuscular junction
d) Myofibril
*Answer: c) Neuromuscular junction*
Explanation: The neuromuscular junction is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a muscle fiber, allowing for the transmission of nerve impulses.
54. Which of the following structures is not part of the appendicular skeleton?
a) Radius
b) Femur
c) Sternum
d) Tibia
*Answer: c) Sternum*
Explanation: The sternum is part of the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
55. Which muscle type is responsible for peristalsis in the digestive system?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: b) Smooth muscle*
Explanation: Smooth muscles are responsible for involuntary movements, such as peristalsis in the digestive system.
56. Which structure allows bones to move without friction at a joint?
a) Synovial fluid
b) Articular cartilage
c) Ligament
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Articular cartilage*
Explanation: Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones at a joint, providing a smooth surface for movement and reducing friction.
57. Which of the following is not a component of a synovial joint?
a) Articular cartilage
b) Synovial membrane
c) Meniscus
d) Tendon
*Answer: d) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons connect muscles to bones and are not part of the synovial joint structure.
58. The type of muscle responsible for involuntary contractions of the heart is:
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Striated muscle
d) Cardiac muscle
*Answer: d) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, found exclusively in the heart.
59. Which of the following is true about isotonic muscle contractions?
a) Muscle length remains constant
b) Muscle tension exceeds resistance
c) Muscle tension remains constant
d) Muscle tension is less than resistance
*Answer: a) Muscle length remains constant*
Explanation: In isotonic contractions, muscle tension remains constant as the muscle changes length, resulting in movement.
60. Which of the following structures directly stores calcium ions required for muscle contraction?
a) T tubules
b) Sarcomeres
c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
d) Myofibrils
*Answer: c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum*
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized organelle in muscle cells that stores and releases calcium ions required for muscle contraction.
61. The point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the:
a) Origin
b) Insertion
c) Belly
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Insertion*
Explanation: The insertion is the point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone, while the origin is attached to the less movable bone.
62. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue?
a) Striated appearance
b) Involuntary control
c) Multinucleated fibers
d) Intercalated discs
*Answer: c) Multinucleated fibers*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle cells are uninucleated, meaning they contain only one nucleus per cell.
63. Which of the following is a function of the synovial membrane in joints?
a) Producing synovial fluid
b) Providing nutrients to cartilage
c) Absorbing shock
d) Preventing friction
*Answer: a) Producing synovial fluid*
Explanation: The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joint, reducing friction and absorbing shock.
64. Which muscle type is striated and involuntary?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: c) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated like skeletal muscle but is involuntary like smooth muscle, found exclusively in the heart.
65. The functional unit of compact bone tissue is called a:
a) Lamella
b) Haversian system (osteon)
c) Trabecula
d) Lacuna
*Answer: b) Haversian system (osteon)*
Explanation: The Haversian system, also known as the osteon, is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue.
66. Which of the following structures connects muscle to bone?
a) Ligament
b) Tendon
c) Cartilage
d) Synovium
*Answer: b) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contraction to produce movement.
67. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle tissue is true?
a) It is under involuntary control
b) It is composed of branched fibers
c) It is striated
d) It is found in the walls of internal organs
*Answer: c) It is striated*
Explanation: Skeletal muscle tissue is characterized by its striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
68. The gap between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called:
a) Synapse
b) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) Neuromuscular junction
d) Myofibril
*Answer: c) Neuromuscular junction*
Explanation: The neuromuscular junction is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a muscle fiber, allowing for the transmission of nerve impulses.
69. Which of the following structures is not part of the appendicular skeleton?
a) Radius
b) Femur
c) Sternum
d) Tibia
*Answer: c) Sternum*
Explanation: The sternum is part of the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
70. Which muscle type is responsible for peristalsis in the digestive system?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: b) Smooth muscle*
Explanation: Smooth muscles are responsible for involuntary movements, such as peristalsis in the digestive system.
71. Which structure allows bones to move without friction at a joint?
a) Synovial fluid
b) Articular cartilage
c) Ligament
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Articular cartilage*
Explanation: Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones at a joint, providing a smooth surface for movement and reducing friction.
72. Which of the following is not a component of a synovial joint?
a) Articular cartilage
b) Synovial membrane
c) Meniscus
d) Tendon
*Answer: d) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons connect muscles to bones and are not part of the synovial joint structure.
73. The type of muscle responsible for involuntary contractions of the heart is:
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Striated muscle
d) Cardiac muscle
*Answer: d) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, found exclusively in the heart.
74. Which of the following is true about isotonic muscle contractions?
a) Muscle length remains constant
b) Muscle tension exceeds resistance
c) Muscle tension remains constant
d) Muscle tension is less than resistance
*Answer: a) Muscle length remains constant*
Explanation: In isotonic contractions, muscle tension remains constant as the muscle changes length, resulting in movement.
75. Which of the following structures directly stores calcium ions required for muscle contraction?
a) T tubules
b) Sarcomeres
c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
d) Myofibrils
*Answer: c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum*
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized organelle in muscle cells that stores and releases calcium ions required for muscle contraction.
76. The point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the:
a) Origin
b) Insertion
c) Belly
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Insertion*
Explanation: The insertion is the point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone, while the origin is attached to the less movable bone.
77. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue?
a) Striated appearance
b) Involuntary control
c) Multinucleated fibers
d) Intercalated discs
*Answer: c) Multinucleated fibers*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle cells are uninucleated, meaning they contain only one nucleus per cell.
78. Which of the following is a function of the synovial membrane in joints?
a) Producing synovial fluid
b) Providing nutrients to cartilage
c) Absorbing shock
d) Preventing friction
*Answer: a) Producing synovial fluid*
Explanation: The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joint, reducing friction and absorbing shock.
79. Which muscle type is striated and involuntary?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: c) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated like skeletal muscle but is involuntary like smooth muscle, found exclusively in the heart.
80. The functional unit of compact bone tissue is called a:
a) Lamella
b) Haversian system (osteon)
c) Trabecula
d) Lacuna
*Answer: b) Haversian system (osteon)*
Explanation: The Haversian system, also known as the osteon, is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue.
81. Which of the following structures connects muscle to bone?
a) Ligament
b) Tendon
c) Cartilage
d) Synovium
*Answer: b) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contraction to produce movement.
82. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle tissue is true?
a) It is under involuntary control
b) It is composed of branched fibers
c) It is striated
d) It is found in the walls of internal organs
*Answer: c) It is striated*
Explanation: Skeletal muscle tissue is characterized by its striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
83. The gap between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called:
a) Synapse
b) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) Neuromuscular junction
d) Myofibril
*Answer: c) Neuromuscular junction*
Explanation: The neuromuscular junction is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a muscle fiber, allowing for the transmission of nerve impulses.
84. Which of the following structures is not part of the appendicular skeleton?
a) Radius
b) Femur
c) Sternum
d) Tibia
*Answer: c) Sternum*
Explanation: The sternum is part of the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
85. Which muscle type is responsible for peristalsis in the digestive system?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: b) Smooth muscle*
Explanation: Smooth muscles are responsible for involuntary movements, such as peristalsis in the digestive system.
86. Which structure allows bones to move without friction at a joint?
a) Synovial fluid
b) Articular cartilage
c) Ligament
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Articular cartilage*
Explanation: Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones at a joint, providing a smooth surface for movement and reducing friction.
87. Which of the following is not a component of a synovial joint?
a) Articular cartilage
b) Synovial membrane
c) Meniscus
d) Tendon
*Answer: d) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons connect muscles to bones and are not part of the synovial joint structure.
88. The type of muscle responsible for involuntary contractions of the heart is:
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Striated muscle
d) Cardiac muscle
*Answer: d) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, found exclusively in the heart.
89. Which of the following is true about isotonic muscle contractions?
a) Muscle length remains constant
b) Muscle tension exceeds resistance
c) Muscle tension remains constant
d) Muscle tension is less than resistance
*Answer: a) Muscle length remains constant*
Explanation: In isotonic contractions, muscle tension remains constant as the muscle changes length, resulting in movement.
90. Which of the following structures directly stores calcium ions required for muscle contraction?
a) T tubules
b) Sarcomeres
c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
d) Myofibrils
*Answer: c) Sarcoplasmic reticulum*
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized organelle in muscle cells that stores and releases calcium ions required for muscle contraction.
91. The point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the:
a) Origin
b) Insertion
c) Belly
d) Tendon
*Answer: b) Insertion*
Explanation: The insertion is the point of muscle attachment to the more movable bone, while the origin is attached to the less movable bone.
92. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue?
a) Striated appearance
b) Involuntary control
c) Multinucleated fibers
d) Intercalated discs
*Answer: c) Multinucleated fibers*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle cells are uninucleate, meaning they contain only one nucleus per cell.
93. Which of the following is a function of the synovial membrane in joints?
a) Producing synovial fluid
b) Providing nutrients to cartilage
c) Absorbing shock
d) Preventing friction
*Answer: a) Producing synovial fluid*
Explanation: The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joint, reducing friction and absorbing shock.
94. Which muscle type is striated and involuntary?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: c) Cardiac muscle*
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated like skeletal muscle but is involuntary like smooth muscle, found exclusively in the heart.
95. The functional unit of compact bone tissue is called a:
a) Lamella
b) Haversian system (osteon)
c) Trabecula
d) Lacuna
*Answer: b) Haversian system (osteon)*
Explanation: The Haversian system, also known as the osteon, is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue.
96. Which of the following structures connects muscle to bone?
a) Ligament
b) Tendon
c) Cartilage
d) Synovium
*Answer: b) Tendon*
Explanation: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contraction to produce movement.
97. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle tissue is true?
a) It is under involuntary control
b) It is composed of branched fibers
c) It is striated
d) It is found in the walls of internal organs
*Answer: c) It is striated*
Explanation: Skeletal muscle tissue is characterized by its striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
98. The gap between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called:
a) Synapse
b) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) Neuromuscular junction
d) Myofibril
*Answer: c) Neuromuscular junction*
Explanation: The neuromuscular junction is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a muscle fiber, allowing for the transmission of nerve impulses.
99. Which of the following structures is not part of the appendicular skeleton?
a) Radius
b) Femur
c) Sternum
d) Tibia
*Answer: c) Sternum*
Explanation: The sternum is part of the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton.
100. Which muscle type is responsible for peristalsis in the digestive system?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
*Answer: b) Smooth muscle*
Explanation: Smooth muscles are responsible for involuntary movements, such as peristalsis in the digestive system.
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