100 BEST MCQS ON MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

 

MCQS ON MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS WITH ANSWER AND SOLUTION

 

MCQS ON MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS FOR NEET PRACTICE

MORPHOLOGY IN PLANTS

PRACTICE QUESTION:-

1. What is the primary function of the root system in plants?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Absorption of water and minerals
C) Transpiration
D) Reproduction
Answer: B) Absorption of water and minerals
Explanation: Roots primarily absorb water and minerals from the soil to provide nutrients to the plant.

2. Which of the following is not a function of stems in plants?
A) Support
B) Transport of water and nutrients
C) Photosynthesis
D) Storage of food
Answer: C) Photosynthesis
Explanation: Stems primarily serve to support the plant, transport water and nutrients, and store food, but they do not carry out photosynthesis.

3. The main function of leaves in plants is:
A) Reproduction
B) Absorption of water and minerals
C) Photosynthesis
D) Support
Answer: C) Photosynthesis
Explanation: Leaves are primarily responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.

4. Which of the following plant organs is responsible for sexual reproduction?
A) Roots
B) Stems
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
Answer: D) Flowers
Explanation: Flowers contain the reproductive organs of plants, including the male and female reproductive structures necessary for sexual reproduction.

5. The outermost layer of a plant’s stem is called the:
A) Cortex
B) Epidermis
C) Xylem
D) Phloem
Answer: B) Epidermis
Explanation: The epidermis is the outermost layer of the stem, providing protection to the underlying tissues.

6. What is the function of the cambium in plants?
A) Storage of food
B) Transport of water and nutrients
C) Support
D) Secondary growth
Answer: D) Secondary growth
Explanation: The cambium is responsible for secondary growth in plants, leading to the development of thicker stems and roots.

7. Which of the following is a function of the phloem in plants?
A) Transport of water and minerals
B) Support
C) Storage of food
D) Protection
Answer: C) Storage of food
Explanation: Phloem transports organic nutrients, such as sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant for storage or immediate use.

8. The process by which water is lost from the aerial parts of plants is called:
A) Transpiration
B) Respiration
C) Photosynthesis
D) Absorption
Answer: A) Transpiration
Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates from the aerial parts of plants, such as leaves and stems.

9. Which of the following plant tissues provides mechanical support to young growing parts?
A) Collenchyma
B) Xylem
C) Phloem
D) Parenchyma
Answer: A) Collenchyma
Explanation: Collenchyma tissue provides flexible mechanical support to young growing parts of plants.

10. The opening and closing of stomata are regulated by:
A) Gibberellins
B) Auxins
C) Abscisic acid
D) Ethylene
Answer: C) Abscisic acid
Explanation: Stomatal opening and closing are regulated by the hormone abscisic acid, which responds to environmental factors like water availability.

11. Which part of the flower develops into the fruit?
A) Ovary
B) Stamen
C) Petal
D) Sepal
Answer: A) Ovary
Explanation: The ovary, located at the base of the flower, develops into the fruit after fertilization.

12. The male reproductive organ in a flower is called the:
A) Ovary
B) Stigma
C) Anther
D) Style
Answer: C) Anther
Explanation: The anther is the male reproductive organ in a flower, where pollen grains containing sperm cells are produced.

13. What is the function of the style in a flower?
A) Protection of the ovule
B) Reception of pollen grains
C) Production of eggs
D) Attachment of the flower to the stem
Answer: B) Reception of pollen grains
Explanation: The style connects the stigma to the ovary and facilitates the passage of pollen grains to the ovary for fertilization.

14. The process of fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote is called:
A) Pollination
B) Fertilization
C) Germination
D) Embryogenesis
Answer: B) Fertilization
Explanation: Fertilization is the process where the male and female gametes (sperm and egg) fuse to form a zygote, which develops into an embryo.

15. Which part of the flower protects the developing bud and attracts pollinators?
A) Sepal
B) Stigma
C) Ovary
D) Anther
Answer: A) Sepal
Explanation: Sepals protect the developing bud and often serve as the outermost part of the flower, attracting pollinators with their color and shape.

16. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower is known as:
A) Fertilization
B) Germination
C) Pollination
D) Embryogenesis
Answer: C) Pollination
Explanation: Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the male reproductive organ (anther) to the female reproductive organ (stigma) of a flower.

17. Which type of pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains from one flower to the stigma of another flower on the same plant?
A) Self-pollination
B) Cross-pollination
C) Wind pollination
D) Insect pollination
Answer: A) Self-pollination
Explanation: Self-pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.

18. Flowers pollinated by insects typically have:
A) Dull coloration
B) Fragrant scent
C) Large quantities of pollen
D) Absence of nectar
Answer: B) Fragrant scent
Explanation: Flowers pollinated by insects often have bright colours and fragrant scents to attract pollinators.

19. Which of the following is a characteristic of wind-pollinated flowers?
A) Large, colourful petals
B) Heavy, sticky pollen grains
C) Production of nectar
D) Reduced size of reproductive structures
Answer: D) Reduced size of reproductive structures
Explanation: Wind-pollinated flowers typically have reduced or absent petals and produce large quantities of lightweight pollen grains.

20. The structure that protects the developing seed within the ovary is called the:
A) Stamen
B) Stigma
C) Carpel
D) Seed coat
Answer: C) Carpel
Explanation: The carpel, located within the ovary, protects and nourishes the developing seeds until they are mature.

21. What is the function of the seed coat?
A) Protection
B) Nutrition
C) Photosynthesis
D) Reproduction
Answer: A) Protection
Explanation: The seed coat provides protection to the developing embryo and seed from mechanical injury, pathogens, and adverse environmental conditions.

22. Which part of the seed absorbs water during germination?
A) Cotyledon
B) Seed coat
C) Embryo
D) Endosperm
Answer: B) Seed coat
Explanation: The seed coat allows water to enter the seed during germination, initiating the metabolic processes necessary for growth.

23. The first leaves that emerge from the germinating seed are called:
A) Cotyledons
B) Hypocotyls
C) Radicles
D) Epicotyls
Answer: A) Cotyledons
Explanation: Cotyledons are the first embryonic leaves to emerge from the germinating seed, providing initial nutrients to the developing seedling.

24. Which of the following is a characteristic of monocotyledonous plants?
A) Parallel venation
B) Netted venation
C) Taproot system
D) Two cotyledons in the seed
Answer: A) Parallel venation
Explanation: Monocotyledonous plants typically have leaves with parallel venation, where veins run parallel to each other along the length of the leaf.

25. Which type of root system is characterized by a large central taproot with smaller lateral roots?
A) Fibrous root system
B) Adventitious root system
C) Taproot system
D) Storage root system
Answer: C) Taproot system
Explanation: In a taproot system, there is one main central root (the taproot) with smaller lateral roots branching off from it.

26. In which type of tissue would you find the highest proportion of living cells?
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Collenchyma
D) Sclerenchyma
Answer: C) Collenchyma
Explanation: Collenchyma tissue consists of living cells with thickened cell walls, providing flexible support to young plant parts.

27. Which of the following is not a type of simple tissue in plants?
A) Parenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Xylem
Answer: D) Xylem
Explanation: Xylem is a type of complex tissue, composed of multiple cell types including vessel elements and tracheids, involved in water transport.

28. Which of the following plant tissues is dead at maturity?
A) Parenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Phloem
Answer: C) Sclerenchyma
Explanation: Sclerenchyma cells are dead at maturity and have heavily lignified cell walls, providing strength and support to plant parts.

29. The vascular bundle in dicot stems is typically arranged in a:
A) Scattered pattern
B) Ring pattern
C) Parallel pattern
D) Radial pattern
Answer: B) Ring pattern
Explanation: In dicot stems, vascular bundles are arranged in a ring around the central pith, with cambium present between xylem and phloem.

30. What is the primary function of the endodermis in plant roots?
A) Water absorption
B) Nutrient transport
C) Gas exchange
D) Regulation of water and mineral uptake
Answer: D) Regulation of water and mineral uptake
Explanation: The endodermis regulates the passage of water and minerals into the vascular tissues of the root, preventing backflow.

31. Which of the following is not a function of the root cap in plants?
A) Protection
B) Secretion of enzymes
C) Sensing gravity
D) Absorption of water
Answer: D) Absorption of water
Explanation: The root cap protects the delicate meristematic cells at the root tip, secretes mucilage to lubricate soil penetration, and senses gravity for root growth orientation.

32. The term “epigeal germination” refers to:
A) Germination below the soil surface
B) Germination above the soil surface
C) Germination in water
D) Germination in darkness
Answer: B) Germination above the soil surface
Explanation: Epigeal germination is when the cotyledons emerge above the soil surface during seed germination.

33. The root system of a plant typically mirrors the:
A) Stems
B) Leaves
C) Flowers
D) Fruits
Answer: B) Leaves
Explanation: The root system of a plant often mirrors the pattern of branching seen in the aboveground parts of the plant, particularly the leaves.

34. Which of the following is not a modified stem?
A) Tuber
B) Rhizome
C) Thorns
D) Stolon
Answer: C) Thorns
Explanation: Thorns are modified leaves or stipules, not stems.

35. What is the primary function of tendrils in plants?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Support
C) Reproduction
D) Protection
Answer: B) Support
Explanation: Tendrils are specialized structures that help plants climb or attach to supporting structures for better access to sunlight.

36. Which of the following is a modified leaf for storage?
A) Spine
B) Scale
C) Tendril
D) Bulb
Answer: D) Bulb
Explanation: A bulb is an underground storage organ made up of layers of modified leaves called scales.

37. The underground stem of a potato plant is called a:
A) Tuber
B) Rhizome
C) Corm
D) Bulbil
Answer: A) Tuber
Explanation: The potato plant stores nutrients in its underground stem, which is called a tuber.

38. Which of the following is not a type of plant tissue system?
A) Dermal tissue system
B) Ground tissue system
C) Vascular tissue system
D) Reproductive tissue system
Answer: D) Reproductive tissue system
Explanation: The three primary tissue systems in plants are dermal, ground, and vascular tissue systems, which perform different functions essential for plant growth and development.

39. The process of differentiation in plants involves:
A) Growth of plant parts
B) Formation of new tissues
C) Specialization of cells for specific functions
D) Reproduction
Answer: C) Specialization of cells for specific functions
Explanation: Differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized to perform specific functions

during plant development.

40. Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for promoting cell elongation?
A) Gibberellins
B) Auxins
C) Cytokinins
D) Ethylene
Answer: B) Auxins
Explanation: Auxins are plant hormones that promote cell elongation, influencing various aspects of plant growth and development.

41. The process by which plants respond to the direction of gravity is called:
A) Phototropism
B) Gravitropism
C) Thigmotropism
D) Hydrotropism
Answer: B) Gravitropism
Explanation: Gravitropism, also known as geotropism, is the growth response of plants to gravity, influencing root and stem orientation.

42. Which of the following is not a type of plant tissue?
A) Meristematic tissue
B) Permanent tissue
C) Complex tissue
D) Epidermal tissue
Answer: C) Complex tissue
Explanation: Complex tissues are composed of different types of cells with specialized functions, such as xylem and phloem, while meristematic tissue and permanent tissue are primary categories of plant tissues.

43. The tissue responsible for the growth of plants is called:
A) Dermal tissue
B) Ground tissue
C) Meristematic tissue
D) Vascular tissue
Answer: C) Meristematic tissue
Explanation: Meristematic tissue consists of actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth and development.

44. Which of the following plant organs is responsible for gas exchange?
A) Roots
B) Stems
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Leaves
Explanation: Gas exchange primarily occurs through tiny pores called stomata on the surfaces of leaves.

45. The outermost layer of cells in a plant is called the:
A) Cortex
B) Epidermis
C) Xylem
D) Phloem
Answer: B) Epidermis
Explanation: The epidermis is the outermost layer of cells in a plant, providing protection against environmental stresses.

46. Which of the following is a function of the cuticle in plants?
A) Gas exchange
B) Water retention
C) Photosynthesis
D) Nutrient transport
Answer: B) Water retention
Explanation: The cuticle is a waxy layer covering the epidermis of leaves and stems, reducing water loss and protecting against pathogens.

47. Which of the following is not a function of the vascular tissue system?
A) Transport of water and nutrients
B) Mechanical support
C) Food storage
D) Long-distance communication
Answer: C) Food storage
Explanation: The vascular tissue system primarily functions in the transport of water, nutrients, and hormones throughout the plant, as well as providing mechanical support.

48. Which of the following plant tissues is responsible for translocation of organic nutrients?
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Collenchyma
D) Sclerenchyma
Answer: B) Phloem
Explanation: Phloem transports organic nutrients, such as sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant for storage or immediate use.

49. The growth of a plant in response to touch is called:
A) Phototropism
B) Gravitropism
C) Thigmotropism
D) Hydrotropism
Answer: C) Thigmotropism
Explanation: Thigmotropism is the growth response of a plant to touch or mechanical stimulation.

50. The primary function of the root hairs is to:
A) Anchor the plant in the soil
B) Absorb water and minerals
C) Produce hormones
D) Conduct photosynthesis
Answer: B) Absorb water and minerals
Explanation: Root hairs are extensions of root epidermal cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

51. Which of the following is not a characteristic of monocotyledonous plants?
A) Parallel venation
B) Netted venation
C) Fibrous root system
D) Floral parts in multiples of three
Answer: B) Netted venation
Explanation: Monocotyledonous plants typically exhibit parallel venation in their leaves, whereas netted venation is characteristic of dicotyledonous plants.

52. In which type of root system are all roots of approximately equal size?
A) Fibrous root system
B) Adventitious root system
C) Taproot system
D) Storage root system
Answer: A) Fibrous root system
Explanation: In a fibrous root system, all roots are of approximately equal size, forming a dense network close to the soil surface.

53. The process by which plants absorb water along with dissolved minerals from the soil is called:
A) Osmosis
B) Transpiration
C) Photosynthesis
D) Absorption
Answer: D) Absorption
Explanation: Absorption is the process by which plants take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil through their root systems.

54. The aerial part of the plant is collectively called the:
A) Root
B) Stem
C) Leaf
D) Shoot
Answer: D) Shoot
Explanation: The shoot system of a plant includes all of its aboveground parts, such as stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.

55. Which of the following is not a function of the stem in plants?
A) Support
B) Photosynthesis
C) Transport of water and nutrients
D) Storage of food
Answer: B) Photosynthesis
Explanation: While stems may contain chlorophyll and contribute to photosynthesis, their primary functions are support, transport, and storage.

56. The main function of the cuticle in plants is to:
A) Facilitate gas exchange
B) Protect against pathogens
C) Retain water
D) Promote photosynthesis
Answer: C) Retain water
Explanation: The cuticle is a waxy layer covering the epidermis of leaves and stems, reducing water loss and protecting against pathogens.

57. Which part of the leaf regulates the exchange of gases with the environment?
A) Mesophyll
B) Stomata
C) Epidermis
D) Cuticle
Answer: B) Stomata
Explanation: Stomata are small pores in the epidermis of leaves that regulate the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, with the environment.

58. The tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from roots to shoots is:
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Parenchyma
D) Collenchyma
Answer: A) Xylem
Explanation: Xylem is the plant tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the shoots through a process called transpiration.

59. Which of the following is not a characteristic of dicotyledonous plants?
A) Netted venation
B) Taproot system
C) Floral parts in multiples of four or five
D) Fibrous root system
Answer: D) Fibrous root system
Explanation: Dicotyledonous plants typically have a taproot system, whereas fibrous root systems are characteristic of monocotyledonous plants.

60. Which part of the flower produces pollen grains?
A) Ovary
B) Stigma
C) Anther
D) Style
Answer: C) Anther
Explanation: Pollen grains containing male gametes are produced in the anthers of flowers.

61. What is the function of the stigma in a flower?
A) Protection of the ovule
B) Reception of pollen grains
C) Production of eggs
D) Attachment of the flower to the stem
Answer: B) Reception of pollen grains
Explanation: The stigma is the sticky, receptive surface of the female reproductive organ in a flower, where pollen grains land and germinate.

62. The fusion of a pollen grain with an ovule is called:
A) Pollination
B) Germination
C) Fertilization
D) Embryogenesis
Answer: C) Fertilization
Explanation: Fertilization is the process by which the male gamete (sperm) from a pollen grain fuses with the female gamete (egg) within an ovule to form a zygote.

63. Which part of the flower develops into the seed after fertilization?
A) Ovary
B) Stamen
C) Petal
D) Sepal
Answer: A) Ovary
Explanation: The ovary, located at the base of the flower, develops into the seed after fertilization, enclosing the developing embryo.

64. Which of the following is a function of the sepal in a flower?
A) Attracting pollinators
B) Protecting the developing bud
C) Producing nectar
D) Receiving pollen grains
Answer: B) Protecting the developing bud
Explanation: Sepals are the outermost floral organs that protect the developing bud and may aid in attracting pollinators with their color and shape.

65. The transfer of pollen grains from one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different plant is called:
A) Self-pollination
B) Cross-pollination
C) Wind pollination
D) Insect pollination
Answer: B) Cross-pollination
Explanation: Cross-pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred from the anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on another plant.

66. Flowers adapted for wind pollination typically have:
A) Brightly colored petals
B) Large quantities of nectar
C) Sticky pollen grains
D) Reduced floral structures
Answer: D) Reduced floral structures
Explanation: Wind-pollinated flowers often have reduced or absent petals and floral structures, with an abundance of lightweight pollen grains.

67. The structure that surrounds and protects the developing embryo within a seed is called the:
A) Stamen
B) Stigma
C) Carpel
D) Seed coat
Answer: D) Seed coat
Explanation: The seed coat surrounds and protects the developing embryo within a seed, providing mechanical protection and regulating water uptake.

68. What is the primary function of the endosperm in seeds?
A) Protection
B) Nutrition
C) Photosynthesis
D) Reproduction
Answer: B) Nutrition
Explanation: The endosperm provides nutrients to the developing embryo in seeds, acting as a food reserve for germination.

69. Which part of the seed serves as the initial source of nutrients for the germinating seedling?
A) Cotyledon
B) Seed coat
C) Embryo
D) Endosperm
Answer: D) Endosperm
Explanation: The endosperm provides nutrients to the germinating seedling until it can produce its own through photosynthesis.

70. The first leaves to emerge from the germinating seed are called:
A) Cotyledons
B) Hypocotyls
C) Radicles
D) Epicotyls
Answer: A) Cotyledons
Explanation: Cotyledons are the first embryonic leaves to emerge from the germinating seed, providing initial nutrients to the developing seedling.

71. Which of the following is a characteristic of monocotyledonous plants?
A) Parallel venation
B) Netted venation
C) Taproot system
D) Two cotyledons in the seed
Answer: A) Parallel venation
Explanation: Monocotyledonous plants typically have leaves with parallel venation, where veins run parallel to each other along the length of the leaf.

72. Which type of root system is characterized by a large central taproot with smaller lateral roots?
A) Fibrous root system
B) Adventitious root system
C) Taproot system
D) Storage root system
Answer: C) Taproot system
Explanation: In a taproot system, there is one main central root (the taproot) with smaller lateral roots branching off from it.

73. In which type of tissue would you find the highest proportion of living cells?
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Collenchyma
D) Sclerenchyma
Answer: C) Collenchyma
Explanation: Collenchyma tissue consists of living cells with thickened cell walls, providing flexible support to young plant parts.

74. Which of the following is not a type of simple tissue in plants?
A) Parenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Xylem
Answer: D) Xylem
Explanation: Xylem is a type of complex tissue, composed of multiple cell types including vessel elements and tracheids, involved in water transport.

75. Which of the following plant tissues is dead at maturity?
A) Parenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Phloem
Answer: C) Sclerenchyma
Explanation: Sclerenchyma cells are dead at maturity and have heavily lignified cell walls, providing strength and support to plant parts.

76. The vascular bundle in dicot stems is typically arranged in a:
A) Scattered pattern
B) Ring pattern
C) Parallel pattern
D) Radial pattern
Answer: B) Ring pattern
Explanation: In dicot stems, vascular bundles are arranged in a ring around the central pith, with cambium present between xylem and phloem.

77. What is the primary function of the endodermis in plant roots?
A) Water absorption
B) Nutrient transport
C)Gas exchange
D) Regulation of water and mineral uptake
Answer: D) Regulation of water and mineral uptake
Explanation: The endodermis regulates the passage of water and minerals into the vascular tissues of the root, preventing backflow.

78. Which of the following is not a function of the root cap in plants?
A) Protection
B) Secretion of enzymes
C) Sensing gravity
D) Absorption of water
Answer: D) Absorption of water
Explanation: The root cap protects the delicate meristematic cells at the root tip, secretes mucilage to lubricate soil penetration, and senses gravity for root growth orientation.

79. The term “epigeal germination” refers to:
A) Germination below the soil surface
B) Germination above the soil surface
C) Germination in water
D) Germination in darkness
Answer: B) Germination above the soil surface
Explanation: Epigeal germination is when the cotyledons emerge above the soil surface during seed germination.

80. The root system of a plant typically mirrors the:
A) Stems
B) Leaves
C) Flowers
D) Fruits
Answer: B) Leaves
Explanation: The root system of a plant often mirrors the pattern of branching seen in the aboveground parts of the plant, particularly the leaves.

81. Which of the following is not a modified stem?
A) Tuber
B) Rhizome
C) Thorns
D) Stolon
Answer: C) Thorns
Explanation: Thorns are modified leaves or stipules, not stems.

82. What is the primary function of tendrils in plants?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Support
C) Reproduction
D) Protection
Answer: B) Support
Explanation: Tendrils are specialized structures that help plants climb or attach to supporting structures for better access to sunlight.

83. Which of the following is a modified leaf for storage?
A) Spine
B) Scale
C) Tendril
D) Bulb
Answer: D) Bulb
Explanation: A bulb is an underground storage organ made up of layers of modified leaves called scales.

84. The underground stem of a potato plant is called a:
A) Tuber
B) Rhizome
C) Corm
D) Bulbil
Answer: A) Tuber
Explanation: The potato plant stores nutrients in its underground stem, which is called a tuber.

85. Which of the following is not a type of plant tissue system?
A) Dermal tissue system
B) Ground tissue system
C) Vascular tissue system
D) Reproductive tissue system
Answer: D) Reproductive tissue system
Explanation: The three primary tissue systems in plants are dermal, ground, and vascular tissue systems, which perform different functions essential for plant growth and development.

86. The process of differentiation in plants involves:
A) Growth of plant parts
B) Formation of new tissues
C) Specialization of cells for specific functions
D) Reproduction
Answer: C) Specialization of cells for specific functions
Explanation: Differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized to perform specific functions during plant development.

87. Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for promoting cell elongation?
A) Gibberellins
B) Auxins
C) Cytokinins
D) Ethylene
Answer: B) Auxins
Explanation: Auxins are plant hormones that promote cell elongation, influencing various aspects of plant growth and development.

88. The process by which plants respond to the direction of gravity is called:
A) Phototropism
B) Gravitropism
C) Thigmotropism
D) Hydrotropism
Answer: B) Gravitropism
Explanation: Gravitropism, also known as geotropism, is the growth response of plants to gravity, influencing root and stem orientation.

89. Which of the following is not a type of plant tissue?
A) Meristematic tissue
B) Permanent tissue
C) Complex tissue
D) Epidermal tissue
Answer: C) Complex tissue
Explanation: Complex tissues are composed of different types of cells with specialized functions, such as xylem and phloem, while meristematic tissue and permanent tissue are primary categories of plant tissues.

90. The tissue responsible for the growth of plants is called:
A) Dermal tissue
B) Ground tissue
C) Meristematic tissue
D) Vascular tissue
Answer: C) Meristematic tissue
Explanation: Meristematic tissue consists of actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth and development.

91. Which of the following is not a function of the stem in plants?
A) Support
B) Photosynthesis
C) Transport of water and nutrients
D) Storage of food
Answer: B) Photosynthesis
Explanation: While stems may contain chlorophyll and contribute to photosynthesis, their primary functions are support, transport, and storage.

92. The main function of the cuticle in plants is to:
A) Facilitate gas exchange
B) Protect against pathogens
C) Retain water
D) Promote photosynthesis
Answer: C) Retain water
Explanation: The cuticle is a waxy layer covering the epidermis of leaves and stems, reducing water loss and protecting against pathogens.

93. Which part of the leaf regulates the exchange of gases with the environment?
A) Mesophyll
B) Stomata
C) Epidermis
D) Cuticle
Answer: B) Stomata
Explanation: Stomata are small pores in the epidermis of leaves that regulate the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, with the environment.

94. The tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from roots to shoots is:
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Parenchyma
D) Collenchyma
Answer: A) Xylem
Explanation: Xylem is the plant tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the shoots through a process called transpiration.

95. Which of the following is not a characteristic of dicotyledonous plants?
A) Netted venation
B) Taproot system
C) Floral parts in multiples of four or five
D) Fibrous root system
Answer: D) Fibrous root system
Explanation: Dicotyledonous plants typically have a taproot system, whereas fibrous root systems are characteristic of monocotyledonous plants.

96. Which part of the flower produces pollen grains?
A) Ovary
B) Stigma
C) Anther
D) Style
Answer: C) Anther
Explanation: Pollen grains containing male gametes are produced in the anthers of flowers.

97. What is the function of the stigma in a flower?
A) Protection of the ovule
B) Reception of pollen grains
C) Production of eggs
D) Attachment of the flower to the stem
Answer: B) Reception of pollen grains
Explanation: The stigma is the sticky, receptive surface of the female reproductive organ in a flower, where pollen grains land and germinate.

98. The fusion of a pollen grain with an ovule is called:
A) Pollination
B) Germination
C) Fertilization
D) Embryogenesis
Answer: C) Fertilization
Explanation: Fertilization is the process by which the male gamete (sperm) from a pollen grain fuses with the female gamete (egg) within an ovule to form a zygote.

99. Which part of the flower develops into the seed after fertilization?
A) Ovary
B) Stamen
C) Petal
D) Sepal
Answer: A) Ovary
Explanation: The ovary, located at the base of the flower, develops into the seed after fertilization, enclosing the developing embryo.

100. Which of the following is a function of the sepal in a flower?
A) Attracting pollinators
B) Protecting the developing bud
C) Producing nectar
D) Receiving pollen grains
Answer: B) Protecting the developing bud
Explanation: Sepals are the outermost floral organs that protect the developing bud and may aid in attracting pollinators with their colour and shape

also read – https://nalandascholars.com/100-mcq-biological-classification-best-neet/