BIOMOLECULES 100 IMPORTANT MCQS FOR NEET PREPARATION

BIOMOLECULES 100 IMPORTANT MCQS FOR NEET PREPARATION

BIOMOLECULES:

here are 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on biomolecules suitable for 11th-grade students along with their answers and explanations:

1. Which of the following is not a biomolecule?
A) Water
B) DNA
C) Salt
D) Protein
Answer: C) Salt
Explanation: Salt is a compound formed by the bonding of a metal with a non-metal and is not considered a biomolecule.

2. The monomer unit of carbohydrates is:
A) Amino acid
B) Nucleotide
C) Monosaccharide
D) Fatty acid
Answer: C) Monosaccharide
Explanation: Carbohydrates are composed of monosaccharide units.

3. Which of the following is a disaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Sucrose
D) Starch
Answer: C) Sucrose
Explanation: Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose units.

4. The primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms is:
A) Energy storage
B) Providing structural support
C) Cell communication
D) Enzyme catalysis
Answer: A) Energy storage
Explanation: Carbohydrates serve as a primary source of energy in living organisms.

5. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Cellulose
D) Sucrose
Answer: C) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants.

6. The building blocks of proteins are:
A) Monosaccharides
B) Nucleotides
C) Amino acids
D) Fatty acids
Answer: C) Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers.

7. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
Answer: A) Primary structure
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.

8. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Carbohydrate
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: C) Protein
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which are typically proteins.

9. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
A) Enzymatic catalysis
B) Energy storage
C) Structural support
D) Transport of molecules
Answer: B) Energy storage
Explanation: Proteins primarily function in enzymatic catalysis, structural support, and various other cellular processes, but they are not a major energy storage molecule.

10. The structure of DNA was proposed by:
A) James Watson and Francis Crick
B) Rosalind Franklin
C) Linus Pauling
D) Gregor Mendel
Answer: A) James Watson and Francis Crick
Explanation: James Watson and Francis Crick proposed the double helix structure of DNA in 1953.

11. The monomer units of nucleic acids are:
A) Amino acids
B) Nucleotides
C) Monosaccharides
D) Fatty acids
Answer: B) Nucleotides
Explanation: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are composed of nucleotide monomers.

12. Adenine pairs with ____ in DNA.
A) Thymine
B) Guanine
C) Cytosine
D) Uracil
Answer: A) Thymine
Explanation: Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with thymine in DNA.

13. Which of the following is a purine base found in DNA?
A) Thymine
B) Uracil
C) Cytosine
D) Guanine
Answer: D) Guanine
Explanation: Guanine is a purine base found in DNA and RNA.

14. The backbone of DNA is composed of:
A) Amino acids
B) Nucleotides
C) Phospholipids
D) Sugars and phosphate groups
Answer: D) Sugars and phosphate groups
Explanation: The backbone of DNA is made up of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

15. RNA differs from DNA in that it contains:
A) Ribose instead of deoxyribose
B) Uracil instead of thymine
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
Answer: C) Both A and B
Explanation: RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil base, whereas DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and thymine base.

16. Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids?
A) Energy storage
B) Cell structure
C) Information storage
D) Structural support
Answer: C) Information storage
Explanation: Nucleic acids store genetic information in living organisms.

17. The lipid bilayer is a major component of:
A) Cell membrane
B) DNA
C) Ribosomes
D) Mitochondria
Answer: A) Cell membrane
Explanation: The lipid bilayer forms the basic structure of cell membranes.

18. Which of the following is not a type of lipid?
A) Phospholipid
B) Steroid
C) Amino acid
D) Triglyceride
Answer: C) Amino acid
Explanation: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not lipids.

19. Saturated fats are characterized by:
A) Double bonds between carbon atoms in the fatty acid chains
B) Liquid at room temperature
C) Solid at room temperature
D) Found predominantly in plants
Answer: C) Solid at room temperature
Explanation: Saturated fats have single bonds between carbon atoms and are typically solid at room temperature.

20. Which of the following is a function of lipids?
A) Energy storage
B) Enzyme catalysis
C) Information storage
D) Providing structural support
Answer: A) Energy storage
Explanation: Lipids serve as a major energy storage molecule in living organisms.

21. The basic structure of a steroid includes:
A) Three fatty acid chains
B) A glycerol molecule and three fatty acid chains
C) Four fused carbon rings
D) A long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group
Answer: C) Four fused carbon rings
Explanation: Steroids are characterized by a structure consisting of four fused carbon rings.

22. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Insulation
B) Hormone production
C) Energy storage
D) Enzymatic catalysis
Answer

: D) Enzymatic catalysis
Explanation: Lipids typically do not function as enzymes; they are primarily involved in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production.

23. The energy currency of the cell is:
A) Glucose
B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
C) NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
D) FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide)
Answer: B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Explanation: ATP is the primary molecule used for energy storage and transfer in cells.

24. Which of the following is true regarding enzymes?
A) Enzymes are consumed during a reaction.
B) Enzymes alter the equilibrium constant of a reaction.
C) Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction.
D) Enzymes can only catalyze one specific reaction.
Answer: C) Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction.
Explanation: Enzymes facilitate chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

25. The active site of an enzyme:
A) Is the region where the substrate binds
B) Determines the specificity of the enzyme
C) Plays a key role in catalysis
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The active site of an enzyme is where the substrate binds, and it determines the specificity of the enzyme and plays a crucial role in catalysis.

26. The lock-and-key model and induced fit model are used to explain:
A) The structure of DNA
B) Enzyme-substrate interactions
C) The structure of lipids
D) The function of ATP
Answer: B) Enzyme-substrate interactions
Explanation: Both models describe how enzymes interact with substrates during catalysis.

27. Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?
A) pH
B) Temperature
C) Substrate concentration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Enzyme activity can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.

28. Competitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.

29. Noncompetitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site, causing a conformational change in the enzyme that reduces its activity.

30. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction reaches its maximum rate when:
A) The enzyme concentration is low
B) The substrate concentration is low
C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
D) The enzyme concentration is high
Answer: C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
Explanation: At the maximum rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced, and the enzyme’s active sites are mostly occupied by substrates.

31. Which of the following is not a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Providing energy
B) Providing structural support
C) Serving as a genetic material
D) Participating in cell recognition
Answer: C) Serving as a genetic material
Explanation: Carbohydrates primarily serve as a source of energy and provide structural support in living organisms.

32. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Starch
Answer: A) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose, lactose, and starch are disaccharides or polysaccharides.

33. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Cellulose
D) Sucrose
Answer: C) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide, while glucose, fructose, and sucrose are monosaccharides or disaccharides.

34. Glycogen is primarily stored in:
A) Liver and muscles
B) Adipose tissue
C) Brain cells
D) Red blood cells
Answer: A) Liver and muscles
Explanation: Glycogen serves as a storage form of glucose primarily in the liver and muscles.

35. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
A) Providing energy
B) Enzymatic catalysis
C) Structural support
D) Transport of molecules
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Proteins primarily function in enzymatic catalysis, structural support, and various other cellular processes but are not a major energy storage molecule.

36. The building blocks of proteins are:
A) Monosaccharides
B) Nucleotides
C) Amino acids
D) Fatty acids
Answer: C) Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers.

37. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
Answer: A) Primary structure
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.

38. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Carbohydrate
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: C) Protein
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which are typically proteins.

39. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Energy storage
B) Enzyme catalysis
C) Insulation
D) Hormone production
Answer: B) Enzyme catalysis
Explanation: Lipids typically do not function as enzymes; they are primarily involved in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production.

40. The energy currency of the cell is:
A) Glucose
B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
C) NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
D) FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide)
Answer: B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Explanation: ATP is the primary molecule used for energy storage and transfer in cells.

41. The active site of an enzyme:
A) Is the region where the substrate binds

B) Determines the specificity of the enzyme
C) Plays a key role in catalysis
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The active site of an enzyme is where the substrate binds, and it determines the specificity of the enzyme and plays a crucial role in catalysis.

42. Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?
A) pH
B) Temperature
C) Substrate concentration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Enzyme activity can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.

43. Competitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.

44. Noncompetitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site, causing a conformational change in the enzyme that reduces its activity.

45. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction reaches its maximum rate when:
A) The enzyme concentration is low
B) The substrate concentration is low
C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
D) The enzyme concentration is high
Answer: C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
Explanation: At the maximum rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced, and the enzyme’s active sites are mostly occupied by substrates.

46. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Providing energy
B) Providing structural support
C) Serving as a genetic material
D) Participating in cell recognition
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Carbohydrates primarily serve as a source of energy and provide structural support in living organisms.

47. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Starch
Answer: A) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose, lactose, and starch are disaccharides or polysaccharides.

48. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Cellulose
D) Sucrose
Answer: C) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide, while glucose, fructose, and sucrose are monosaccharides or disaccharides.

49. Glycogen is primarily stored in:
A) Liver and muscles
B) Adipose tissue
C) Brain cells
D) Red blood cells
Answer: A) Liver and muscles
Explanation: Glycogen serves as a storage form of glucose primarily in the liver and muscles.

50. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
A) Providing energy
B) Enzymatic catalysis
C) Structural support
D) Transport of molecules
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Proteins primarily function in enzymatic catalysis, structural support, and various other cellular processes but are not a major energy storage molecule.

51. The building blocks of proteins are:
A) Monosaccharides
B) Nucleotides
C) Amino acids
D) Fatty acids
Answer: C) Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers.

52. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
Answer: A) Primary structure
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.

53. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Carbohydrate
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: C) Protein
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which are typically proteins.

54. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Energy storage
B) Enzyme catalysis
C) Insulation
D) Hormone production
Answer: B) Enzyme catalysis
Explanation: Lipids typically do not function as enzymes; they are primarily involved in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production.

55. The energy currency of the cell is:
A) Glucose
B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
C) NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
D) FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide)
Answer: B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Explanation: ATP is the primary molecule used for energy storage and transfer in cells.

56. The active site of an enzyme:
A) Is the region where the substrate binds
B) Determines the specificity of the enzyme
C) Plays a key role in catalysis
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The active site of an enzyme is where the substrate binds, and it determines the specificity of the enzyme and plays a crucial role in catalysis.

57. Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?
A) pH
B) Temperature
C) Substrate concentration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Enzyme activity can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.

58. Competitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.

59. Noncompetitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site, causing a conformational change in the enzyme that reduces its activity.

60. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction reaches its maximum rate when:
A) The enzyme concentration is low
B) The substrate concentration is low
C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
D) The enzyme concentration is high
Answer: C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
Explanation: At the maximum rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced, and the enzyme’s active sites are mostly occupied by substrates.

61. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Providing energy
B) Providing structural support
C) Serving as a genetic material
D) Participating in cell recognition
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Carbohydrates primarily serve as a source of energy and provide structural support in living organisms.

62. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Starch
Answer: A) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose, lactose, and starch are disaccharides or polysaccharides.

63. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Cellulose
D) Sucrose
Answer: C) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide, while glucose, fructose, and sucrose are monosaccharides or disaccharides.

64. Glycogen is primarily stored in:
A) Liver and muscles
B) Adipose tissue
C) Brain cells
D) Red blood cells
Answer: A) Liver and muscles
Explanation: Glycogen serves as a storage form of glucose primarily in the liver and muscles.

65. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
A) Providing energy
B) Enzymatic catalysis
C) Structural support
D) Transport of molecules
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Proteins primarily function in enzymatic catalysis, structural support, and various other cellular processes but are not a major energy storage molecule.

66. The building blocks of proteins are:
A) Monosaccharides
B) Nucleotides
C) Amino acids
D) Fatty acids
Answer: C) Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers.

67. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
Answer: A) Primary structure
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.

68. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Carbohydrate
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: C) Protein
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which are typically proteins.

69. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Energy storage
B) Enzyme catalysis
C) Insulation
D) Hormone production
Answer: B) Enzyme catalysis
Explanation: Lipids typically do not function as enzymes; they are primarily involved in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production.

70. The energy currency of the cell is:
A) Glucose
B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
C) NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
D) FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide)
Answer: B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Explanation: ATP is the primary molecule used for energy storage and transfer in cells.

71. The active site of an enzyme:
A) Is the region where the substrate binds
B) Determines the specificity of the enzyme
C) Plays a key role in catalysis
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The active site of an enzyme is where the substrate binds, and it determines the specificity of the enzyme and plays a crucial role in catalysis.

72. Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?
A) pH
B) Temperature
C) Substrate concentration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Enzyme activity can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.

73. Competitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.

74. Noncompetitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site, causing a conformational change in the enzyme that reduces its activity.

75. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction reaches its maximum rate when:
A) The enzyme concentration is low
B) The substrate concentration is low
C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
D) The enzyme concentration is high
Answer: C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
Explanation: At the maximum rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced, and the enzyme’s active sites are mostly occupied by substrates.

76. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Providing energy
B) Providing structural support
C) Serving as a genetic material
D) Participating in cell recognition
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Carbohydrates primarily serve as a source of energy and provide structural support in living organisms.

77. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Starch
Answer: A) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose, lactose, and starch are disaccharides or polysaccharides.

78. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Cellulose
D) Sucrose
Answer: C) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide, while glucose, fructose, and sucrose are monosaccharides or disaccharides.

79. Glycogen is primarily stored in:
A) Liver and muscles
B) Adipose tissue
C) Brain cells
D) Red blood cells
Answer: A) Liver and muscles
Explanation: Glycogen serves as a storage form of glucose primarily in the liver and muscles.

80. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
A) Providing energy
B) Enzymatic catalysis
C) Structural support
D) Transport of molecules
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Proteins primarily function in enzymatic catalysis, structural support, and various other cellular processes but are not a major energy storage molecule.

81. The building blocks of proteins are:
A) Monosaccharides
B) Nucleotides
C) Amino acids
D) Fatty acids
Answer: C) Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers.

82. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
Answer: A) Primary structure
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.

83. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Carbohydrate
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: C) Protein
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which are typically proteins.

84. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Energy storage
B) Enzyme catalysis
C) Insulation
D) Hormone production
Answer: B) Enzyme catalysis
Explanation: Lipids typically do not function as enzymes; they are primarily involved in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production.

85. The energy currency of the cell is:
A) Glucose
B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
C) NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
D) FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide)
Answer: B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Explanation: ATP is the primary molecule used for energy storage and transfer in cells.

86. The active site of an enzyme:
A) Is the region where the substrate binds
B) Determines the specificity of the enzyme
C) Plays a key role in catalysis
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The active site of an enzyme is where the substrate binds, and it determines the specificity of the enzyme and plays a crucial role in catalysis.

87. Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?
A) pH
B) Temperature
C) Substrate concentration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Enzyme activity can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.

88. Competitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.

89. Noncompetitive inhibitors:
A) Bind to the active site of an enzyme
B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
C) Increase the rate of enzymatic reactions
D) Have no effect on enzyme activity
Answer: B) Bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme
Explanation: Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site, causing a conformational change in the enzyme that reduces its activity.

90. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction reaches its maximum rate when:
A) The enzyme concentration is low
B) The substrate concentration is low
C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
D) The enzyme concentration is high
Answer: C) The enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced
Explanation: At the maximum rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the enzyme and substrate concentrations are balanced, and the enzyme’s active sites are mostly occupied by substrates.

91. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Providing energy
B) Providing structural support
C) Serving as a genetic material
D) Participating in cell recognition
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Carbohydrates primarily serve as a source of energy and provide structural support in living organisms.

92. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Starch
Answer: A) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose, lactose, and starch are disaccharides or polysaccharides.

93. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Cellulose
D) Sucrose
Answer: C) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide, while glucose, fructose, and sucrose are monosaccharides or disaccharides.

94. Glycogen is primarily stored in:
A) Liver and muscles
B) Adipose tissue
C) Brain cells
D) Red blood cells
Answer: A) Liver and muscles
Explanation: Glycogen serves as a storage form of glucose primarily in the liver and muscles.

95. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
A) Providing energy
B) Enzymatic catalysis
C) Structural support
D) Transport of molecules
Answer: A) Providing energy
Explanation: Proteins primarily function in enzymatic catalysis, structural support, and various other cellular processes but are not a major energy storage molecule.

96. The building blocks of proteins are:
A) Monosaccharides
B) Nucleotides
C) Amino acids
D) Fatty acids
Answer: C) Amino acids
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers.

97. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
Answer: A) Primary structure
Explanation: The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.

98. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Carbohydrate
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: C) Protein
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which are typically proteins.

99. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Energy storage
B) Enzyme catalysis
C) Insulation
D) Hormone production
Answer: B) Enzyme catalysis
Explanation: Lipids typically do not function as enzymes; they are primarily involved in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production.

100. The energy currency of the cell is:
A) Glucose
B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
C) NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
D) FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide)
Answer: B) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Explanation: ATP is the primary molecule used for energy storage and transfer in cells.

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